George Eliot was the pen name of Mary Ann Evans (1819 to 1880), an English novelist, poet, journalist and translator, and one of the towering writers of the Victorian era. Across seven novels – from Adam Bede and The Mill on the Floss through Silas Marner to Middlemarch and Daniel Deronda – she perfected a fiction of realism and psychological insight, rooted in a deep sense of place and the detailed textures of the English countryside.
Her private life scandalised the era that lionised her books. For over two decades she lived openly with George Henry Lewes, a married man, calling him her husband; eighteen months after his death she married her long-standing friend John Cross, a much younger man, and took the name Mary Ann Cross. The gap between the unconventional life and the morally serious fiction has fascinated readers ever since.